<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">1 - Antitrust Admonition - Matt Mereness</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://dash3.gridmonitor.com/sharing/?token=e37bed85-e02f-4385-8214-224ac5ca25d5" target="_blank" rel="noopener">2</a> - RTCBTF Update and Issues Calendar.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><img src="/storage/docs/2024/07/RTCBT%20Update%20july17.png" width="806" height="603" /></span></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Ongoing information sharing within the Board Technology and Security subgroup.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Implementation plan and go-live sequence set for publication by September 2024.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Market highly interested in go-live date, potentially between December 2025 and mid-2026.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Importance of market trial sequence and market participant buy-in emphasized.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">ERCOT confident in the sequence and timing of activities leading to the go-live.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Completed topics include RUC capacity short process (NPRR1236) and verifiable cost manual change.</span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://dash3.gridmonitor.com/sharing/?token=4b3a0db0-41f9-48a4-8ee5-55a5e31b67e3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">3</a> - Issue 3 – Framework for Periodic Analysis Comparing RTC and the Current ORDC Design - ERCOT Staff</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Summary:</span></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Progress Update:</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://ercot-control-docs.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/16/Issue%25203%2520SCED%2520Simulation%2520Tool%2520Progress%2520Update_07172024.pptx" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Presentation</a> deailed progress on ERCOT's internal RTC+B SCADA simulator tool.</span>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Python-based production scale tool, not the Excel-based tool with fixed system size.</span></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Optimizations and Model Updates:</span>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Initial setup had red-highlighted areas as incomplete; some simplifications were made.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">NFRC constraints simplified to regular linear constraints, eliminating the need for binary variables.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Some ESR functionalities postponed to focus on historical data analysis.</span></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Current Tool Capabilities and Limitations:</span>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Able to replicate results of smaller Excel tool.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Able to solve production-scale cases, supporting non-sequential, multi-interval simulations.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Ongoing work on pricing runs and improved output visualization.</span></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Remaining Work and Timeline:</span>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Focus shifted to obtaining historical study results and comparing post-RTC simulated results to pre-RTC outcomes.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">All tasks in progress; team aims for study results by September.</span></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Discussion Points:</span>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Explanation of why binary variables are not needed for NFRC.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Clarification of conditional constraints related to NFRC.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Tool documentation and potential open-source deployment discussed.</span></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Technical Questions:</span>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Complications of using Pyomo and CPLEX for optimization.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Possibility of making the tool open-source while ensuring compatibility with ERCOT databases.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Flexibility in altering input values for future simulations.</span></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">User Feedback and Interaction:</span>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Concerns on how changes in AS plans or ASDC curves can impact price formations.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="2"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Detailed questions on the constraints and applicability of the optimization model.</span></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">4 - Issues 9-10 – Market Readiness - Matt Mereness</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://dash3.gridmonitor.com/sharing/?token=2bb24dd6-b22c-4e9e-809b-fac544a435b1" target="_blank" rel="noopener">4.1</a> - Market Trials Plan - Matt Mereness</span></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Two clarifying NPRRs were developed to address protocol alignment gaps over the last five years.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Reviewed initial drafts with RTCBTF, opting for PRS and TAC processes for expert review and efficiency.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Presentation planned for framework simulator, covering its functionality, design, and progress.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Market readiness update involves a market trials plan released last month with no red lines received.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Discussion on queasy attestation, aiming for a next-week release; seeks cursory review and feedback.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Detailed walkthrough planned for RTC-specific NPRR changes; aiming for a careful review of each change.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Review of much larger draft NPRR, NOGRR, PGRR, OBR for single model concepts.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Standing discussion on as demand curves and their alignment with PUC policies.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Plan to hold a settlements-focused discussion in August for detailed understanding of extracts and changes.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Proposal to create a spreadsheet summarizing scope changes for RTC projects, covering protocol sections.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Discussion on the similarity of current market readiness efforts to the past transition from zonal to nodal.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Confirmation that concepts from early white papers on nodal transition were utilized.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Suggestion to note the successful borrow from nodal transition to provide reassurance.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Clarification that the current effort is less complex and expensive compared to nodal, with fewer tools involved.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Acknowledgment of using lessons learned from nodal.</span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://dash3.gridmonitor.com/sharing/?token=b74f771d-c9d0-48bb-9f32-c9b9412a8e9d" target="_blank" rel="noopener">4.2</a> - Draft QSE Attestation - Matt Mereness</span></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Control room restrictions on testing at specific times, e.g., 7:00 PM in August.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Preference for testing during less challenging operational periods, e.g., 10:00 AM to noon.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Operational warning signs would cause test delays.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Need to plan around market trials and go-live dates despite weather variability.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Challenges standing up parallel systems during peak seasons.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Potential to move open loop testing outside peak summer periods.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Draft QSE attestation focuses on ensuring QSEs are aware of timelines and specifications but avoids strong commitments.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Legal team involvement to avoid putting QSEs in a binding commitment box.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Attestation aims at assuring market readiness and vendor engagements.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Importance of reaching out to all QSEs to ensure awareness of project timelines.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Discussion on whether failure to attest should lead to QSE decertification, emphasizing the necessity of protocol references.</span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Action Items</span></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Revise attestation draft to remove commitment language.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Consider moving open loop testing out of peak summer periods.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Prepopulate attestations to include QSEs details.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Send market notices confirming dissemination of attestations.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Create a form for updating accountable executive contacts.</span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Questions and Concerns</span></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Who should be considered an accountable executive?</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Need for settlement specifications to be posted for clarity.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Mechanism for updating accountable executive post-attestation.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">QSE decertification implications and protocol references for non-compliance.</span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Participant Comments</span></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Clarify levels for accountable executives and request for settlement specs.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Process for updating accountable executive.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Tie QSE non-compliance to protocol authority.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Send to both AR and BAR, allow for POC updates via form.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Ensure resource entities know if QSEs are not compliant.</span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://dash3.gridmonitor.com/sharing/?token=30fa7efa-d815-4e7b-89c9-d4fc6c585c08" target="_blank" rel="noopener">5</a> - Issue 15 – Clarifying Revision Requests - Dave Maggio/Kenneth Ragsdale</span></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Dave Maggio introduced the topic, focusing on additional clarifying NPRR for RTC, two categories: RTC-specific and single model.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">RTC explanation of changes spreadsheet to be reviewed, word document link broken but emailed out.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Errors and clarifications observed over time in the RTC language: some settlement formulas were incorrectly specified, technical clarifications needed, and updates from other passed NPRRs needed.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Goal of changes: correct language errors, clarify technical requirements, update language to reflect current standards without changing policy.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">First change discussed: Section 4.2.1.2 - Removing minimum 0.1 MW quantity for ancillary service assignments to ensure settlements remain revenue neutral in real time.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Explanation by Maggie: Real-time redistributions of ancillary services require removing 0.1 MW threshold for revenue neutrality during reallocation based on updated load ratio share.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Sean's question clarified that all loads will have an obligation regardless of size to maintain revenue neutrality.</span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://dash3.gridmonitor.com/sharing/?token=0d0fd438-56fb-4b3d-88aa-26e83f6f298d" target="_blank" rel="noopener">5.1</a> - Draft NPRR for RTC - Dave Maggio</span></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Correction of mislabeled section header for draft NPRR and changes related to ancillary service offers.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Updating language for NPRR1093, introducing a subtype of non-spin provided by non-controllable load resources.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Clarification on how to handle offers that exceed real-time offer caps after day-ahead market (DAM). Offers will be expired, and QSE will be notified.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Changes in Section 4.4.9.4.1 involve the mitigated offer cap for hydro resources.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://dash3.gridmonitor.com/sharing/?token=e43faa6b-ee25-439e-844f-6b29e3d76163"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Update to Section 4.4.12</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> adjusts for changes in the value of lost load and minimum contingency level, reflecting updated historical analysis dates.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Minor change: Removal of 'per hour' in one of the settlement formulas.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Discussion on adding floors to ORDC and its impact on ancillary service demand curves.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Changes to NPRR552 involve the RUC optimization for dispatching controllable load resources (CLR) for energy, an effort that will require separate scope.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Section 6.3: Correction of references to SASM and inclusion of ancillary service prices in the significance threshold for price corrections.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Section 6.4.1: Reverting to the previous language for ancillary service trades and self-provision limits based on ancillary service position.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Update to reliability deployment price adder to include policy changes from NPRR1081.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Section 6.6.9.1: Corrections for energy storage resources and combination cycle train references in settlement formulas.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Section 6.7.4: Minor cleanup to remove incorrect settlement point attributes.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Section 6.7.5.1: Addition of max zero to avoid negative outcomes in calculations.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Section 7.9.3.1: Removed incorrect references to charges in allocation of payments.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Section 19: Inclusion of ancillary service offers in total impact assessment during event mitigation.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Section 25: Reference inclusion for energy storage resources related to market suspension process.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Clarification on interface specifications that align business requirements and NPRR changes.</span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><img src="/storage/docs/2024/07/RTC%20Explanation%20Changes.png" width="755" height="563" /></span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://dash3.gridmonitor.com/sharing/?token=74b34532-f8d0-4162-8a5e-f1f79338d0b2" target="_blank" rel="noopener">5.2</a> - Draft NPRR, NOGRR, PGRR, OBDRR for Single Model - Kenneth Ragsdale</span></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><a href="https://ercot-control-docs.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/12/Issue-15_Single-Model-Catch-All-Summary-7-10-24-1045.pptx"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Presentation</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> of six slides covering NPRR, NOGRR, PGRR, and one OBDRR</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Introduction of a procedure for identifying resource node locations.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Changes focus on the transition to a single model for energy storage resources (ESR), eliminating existing combo models.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Language updates in documents to reflect the single model, aiming for implementation with RTC+B go live.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">No budgetary impact expected; these changes are primarily language updates.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Revisions to eliminate outdated combination model language and replace with ESR terminology.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Steps for final review and posting of documents in the next couple of weeks, including stakeholder feedback.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Discussion on the removal of specific 'blue language' used in previous protocols and changes to the single model.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Clarification that these updates do not require moving meters or resource nodes.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">List of contributors to the revisions, emphasizing a collaborative effort.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Goals include seeing ESR across all relevant areas affected by NPRR1014.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Open discussion about certain technical and procedural aspects of the revisions.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">No opposition noted for ERCOT filing these documents before the next meeting.</span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://dash3.gridmonitor.com/sharing/?token=d74e39a5-a1c4-4159-bcb0-abe164b1fa6f" target="_blank" rel="noopener">6</a> - Issue 18 – Placeholder for MPs Discussion of AS Demand Curves</span></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Placeholder for MP discussion on AS demand curves - updates and the backcast tool's results are expected to inform future decisions.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Discussion will likely continue, particularly around September when more data is available.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Sean suggests using an Excel spreadsheet tool to see impacts and possibly move forward with NPRR.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Open discussion on the best means to document any changes before involving the PUC.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">ERCOT supports discussion but is not making changes currently.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Discussion on integrating related issues into the simulation tool framework to streamline efforts.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Sean raises concerns about indifference payments for unused capacity and their inclusion in NPRR1214.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Dave clarifies that ancillary service adders could make resources indifferent in some scenarios.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Steve suggests studying simulation outcomes to see if headroom is allocated to ancillary services, which could solve the issue indirectly.</span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><a href="https://dash3.gridmonitor.com/sharing/?token=b935e74f-f669-454e-becd-3e61a984173c" target="_blank" rel="noopener">7</a> - Other Business</span></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Participants are asked to notify any legal issues by Friday of this week.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Received feedback on referencing specific protocols in the attestation and potential disqualification.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Plan to communicate proactively when releasing information to authorized representatives and backups.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">A spreadsheet with specific queries will be included in market notes.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Encouragement to review and challenge the market trials plan over the next month.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Periodic analysis updates will be provided, possibly with a voiceover next month.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Discussion on optimizing meeting agendas, including potential for time-specific segments for settlements discussions.</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;" aria-level="1"><span style="font-weight: 400;">All NPRR's will be filed, with reviews for any issues in upcoming meetings.</span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">8 - Adjourn</span></p>